這篇文章主要介紹基于SpringBoot框架如何管理Excel和PDF文件類型,文中介紹的非常詳細(xì),具有一定的參考價(jià)值,感興趣的小伙伴們一定要看完!
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Excel一款電子表格軟件。直觀的界面、出色的計(jì)算功能和圖表工具,在系統(tǒng)開發(fā)中,經(jīng)常用來(lái)把數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)存到Excel文件,或者Excel數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入系統(tǒng)中,這就涉及數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換問(wèn)題。
PDF是可移植文檔格式,是一種電子文件格式,具有許多其他電子文檔格式無(wú)法相比的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。PDF文件格式可以將文字、字型、格式、顏色及獨(dú)立于設(shè)備和分辨率的圖形圖像等封裝在一個(gè)文件中。該格式文件還可以包含超文本鏈接、聲音和動(dòng)態(tài)影像等電子信息,支持特長(zhǎng)文件,集成度和安全可靠性都較高。
Apache POI是Apache軟件基金會(huì)的開源類庫(kù),POI提供API給Java程序?qū)icrosoft Office格式檔案讀和寫的功能。
<!-- Excel 依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>3.9</version> </dependency> <!-- 2007及更高版本 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>3.9</version> </dependency>
public static List<List<Object>> readExcel(String path) throws Exception { File file = new File(path) ; List<List<Object>> list = new LinkedList<>(); XSSFWorkbook xwb = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(file)); // 讀取 Sheet1 表格內(nèi)容 XSSFSheet sheet = xwb.getSheetAt(0); // 讀取行數(shù):不讀取Excel表頭 for (int i = (sheet.getFirstRowNum()+1); i <= (sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows()-1); i++) { XSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i); if (row == null) { continue; } List<Object> linked = new LinkedList<>(); for (int j = row.getFirstCellNum(); j <= row.getLastCellNum(); j++) { XSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j); if (cell == null) { continue; } Object value ; // 這里需根據(jù)實(shí)際業(yè)務(wù)情況處理 switch (cell.getCellType()) { case XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: //處理數(shù)值帶{.0}問(wèn)題 value = Double.valueOf(String.valueOf(cell)).longValue() ; break; default: value = cell.toString(); } linked.add(value); } if (linked.size()!= 0) { list.add(linked); } } return list; }
public static void createExcel(String excelName, String[] headList,List<List<Object>> dataList) throws Exception { // 創(chuàng)建 Excel 工作簿 XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(); // 創(chuàng)建表頭 XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0); for (int i = 0; i < headList.length; i++) { XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i); cell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); cell.setCellValue(headList[i]); } //添加數(shù)據(jù) for (int line = 0; line < dataList.size(); line++) { XSSFRow rowData = sheet.createRow(line+1); List<Object> data = dataList.get(line); for (int j = 0; j < headList.length; j++) { XSSFCell cell = rowData.createCell(j); cell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); cell.setCellValue((data.get(j)).toString()); } } FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(excelName); workbook.write(fos); fos.flush(); fos.close(); }
public static void exportExcel(String[] headList, List<List<Object>> dataList, OutputStream outputStream) throws Exception { // 創(chuàng)建 Excel 工作簿 XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(); // 創(chuàng)建表頭 XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0); for (int i = 0; i < headList.length; i++) { XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i); cell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); cell.setCellValue(headList[i]); } //添加數(shù)據(jù) for (int line = 0; line < dataList.size(); line++) { XSSFRow rowData = sheet.createRow(line+1); List<Object> data = dataList.get(line); for (int j = 0; j < headList.length; j++) { XSSFCell cell = rowData.createCell(j); cell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING); cell.setCellValue((data.get(j)).toString()); } } workbook.write(outputStream); outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); }
@RestController public class ExcelWeb { @RequestMapping("/web/outExcel") public void outExcel (HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { String exportName = "2020-01-user-data" ; response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel"); response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(exportName, "UTF-8") + ".xlsx"); List<List<Object>> dataList = ExcelUtil.readExcel("F:\\file-type\\user-excel.xlsx") ; String[] headList = new String[]{"用戶ID", "用戶名", "手機(jī)號(hào)"} ; ExcelUtil.exportExcel(headList,dataList,response.getOutputStream()) ; } }
iText是一種生成PDF報(bào)表的Java組件。通過(guò)在服務(wù)器端使用頁(yè)面或API封裝生成PDF報(bào)表,客戶端可以通過(guò)超鏈接直接顯示或下載到本地,在系統(tǒng)開發(fā)中通常用來(lái)生成比較正式的報(bào)告或者合同類的電子文檔。
<dependency> <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId> <artifactId>itextpdf</artifactId> <version>5.5.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.itextpdf.tool</groupId> <artifactId>xmlworker</artifactId> <version>5.5.11</version> </dependency>
首先對(duì)于Itext提供的API做一下表格、段落、圖片等基礎(chǔ)樣式的二次封裝,可以更好的適配業(yè)務(wù)。
public class PdfFontUtil { private PdfFontUtil(){} /** * 段落樣式獲取 */ public static Paragraph getParagraph (String content, Font font,Integer alignment){ Paragraph paragraph = new Paragraph(content,font) ; if (alignment != null && alignment >= 0){ paragraph.setAlignment(alignment); } return paragraph ; } /** * 圖片樣式 */ public static Image getImage (String imgPath,float width,float height) throws Exception { Image image = Image.getInstance(imgPath); image.setAlignment(Image.MIDDLE); if (width > 0 && height > 0){ image.scaleAbsolute(width, height); } return image ; } /** * 表格生成 */ public static PdfPTable getPdfPTable01 (int numColumns,float totalWidth) throws Exception { // 表格處理 PdfPTable table = new PdfPTable(numColumns); // 設(shè)置表格寬度比例為%100 table.setWidthPercentage(100); // 設(shè)置寬度:寬度平均 table.setTotalWidth(totalWidth); // 鎖住寬度 table.setLockedWidth(true); // 設(shè)置表格上面空白寬度 table.setSpacingBefore(10f); // 設(shè)置表格下面空白寬度 table.setSpacingAfter(10f); // 設(shè)置表格默認(rèn)為無(wú)邊框 table.getDefaultCell().setBorder(0); table.setPaddingTop(50); table.setSplitLate(false); return table ; } /** * 表格內(nèi)容 */ public static PdfPCell getPdfPCell (Phrase phrase){ return new PdfPCell (phrase) ; } /** * 表格內(nèi)容帶樣式 */ public static void addTableCell (PdfPTable dataTable,Font font,List<String> cellList){ for (String content:cellList) { dataTable.addCell(getParagraph(content,font,-1)); } } }
這里基于上面的工具類,畫一個(gè)PDF頁(yè)面作為參考。
public class PdfPage01 { // 基礎(chǔ)配置 private static String PDF_SITE = "F:\\file-type\\PDF頁(yè)面2020-01-15.pdf" ; private static String FONT = "C:/Windows/Fonts/simhei.ttf"; private static String PAGE_TITLE = "PDF數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出報(bào)告" ; // 基礎(chǔ)樣式 private static Font TITLE_FONT = FontFactory.getFont(FONT, BaseFont.IDENTITY_H,20, Font.BOLD); private static Font NODE_FONT = FontFactory.getFont(FONT, BaseFont.IDENTITY_H,15, Font.BOLD); private static Font BLOCK_FONT = FontFactory.getFont(FONT, BaseFont.IDENTITY_H,13, Font.BOLD, BaseColor.BLACK); private static Font INFO_FONT = FontFactory.getFont(FONT, BaseFont.IDENTITY_H,12, Font.NORMAL,BaseColor.BLACK); private static Font CONTENT_FONT = FontFactory.getFont(FONT, BaseFont.IDENTITY_H, BaseFont.NOT_EMBEDDED); private static void createPdfPage () throws Exception { // 創(chuàng)建文檔 Document document = new Document(); PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(document, new FileOutputStream(PDF_SITE)); document.open(); // 報(bào)告標(biāo)題 document.add(PdfFontUtil.getParagraph(PAGE_TITLE,TITLE_FONT,1)) ; document.add(PdfFontUtil.getParagraph("\n商戶名稱:XXX科技有限公司",INFO_FONT,-1)) ; document.add(PdfFontUtil.getParagraph("\n生成時(shí)間:2020-01-15\n\n",INFO_FONT,-1)) ; // 報(bào)告內(nèi)容 // 段落標(biāo)題 + 報(bào)表圖 document.add(PdfFontUtil.getParagraph("城市數(shù)據(jù)分布統(tǒng)計(jì)",NODE_FONT,-1)) ; document.add(PdfFontUtil.getParagraph("\n· 可視化圖表\n\n",BLOCK_FONT,-1)) ; // 設(shè)置圖片寬高 float documentWidth = document.getPageSize().getWidth() - document.leftMargin() - document.rightMargin(); float documentHeight = documentWidth / 580 * 320; document.add(PdfFontUtil.getImage("F:\\file-type\\myChart.jpg",documentWidth-80,documentHeight-80)) ; // 數(shù)據(jù)表格 document.add(PdfFontUtil.getParagraph("\n· 數(shù)據(jù)詳情\n\n",BLOCK_FONT,-1)) ; PdfPTable dataTable = PdfFontUtil.getPdfPTable01(4,400) ; // 設(shè)置表格 List<String> tableHeadList = tableHead () ; List<List<String>> tableDataList = getTableData () ; PdfFontUtil.addTableCell(dataTable,CONTENT_FONT,tableHeadList); for (List<String> tableData : tableDataList) { PdfFontUtil.addTableCell(dataTable,CONTENT_FONT,tableData); } document.add(dataTable); document.add(PdfFontUtil.getParagraph("\n· 報(bào)表描述\n\n",BLOCK_FONT,-1)) ; document.add(PdfFontUtil.getParagraph("數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告可以監(jiān)控每天的推廣情況," + "可以針對(duì)不同的數(shù)據(jù)表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行分析,以提升推廣效果。",CONTENT_FONT,-1)) ; document.newPage() ; document.close(); writer.close(); } private static List<List<String>> getTableData (){ List<List<String>> tableDataList = new ArrayList<>() ; for (int i = 0 ; i < 3 ; i++){ List<String> tableData = new ArrayList<>() ; tableData.add("浙江"+i) ; tableData.add("杭州"+i) ; tableData.add("276"+i) ; tableData.add("33.3%") ; tableDataList.add(tableData) ; } return tableDataList ; } private static List<String> tableHead (){ List<String> tableHeadList = new ArrayList<>() ; tableHeadList.add("省份") ; tableHeadList.add("城市") ; tableHeadList.add("數(shù)量") ; tableHeadList.add("百分比") ; return tableHeadList ; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { createPdfPage () ; } }
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId> </dependency>
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Title</title> <style> body{font-family:SimSun;} </style> </head> <body> 項(xiàng)目信息:<br/> 名稱:${name}<br/> 作者:${author}<br/><br/> <img src="/upload/otherpic69/1691717-20190603213911854-1098366582.jpg"/> <br/> </body> </html>
public class PageConfig { private static final String DEST = "F:\\file-type\\HTML頁(yè)面2020-01-15.pdf"; private static final String HTML = "/pdf_page_one.html"; private static final String FONT = "C:/Windows/Fonts/simsun.ttc"; private static Configuration freemarkerCfg = null ; static { freemarkerCfg = new Configuration(Configuration.DEFAULT_INCOMPATIBLE_IMPROVEMENTS); //freemarker的模板目錄 try { String path = "TODO:模板路徑{自定義}" ; freemarkerCfg.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new File(path)); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 創(chuàng)建文檔 */ private static void createPdf(String content,String dest) throws Exception { Document document = new Document(); PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(document, new FileOutputStream(dest)); document.open(); XMLWorkerFontProvider fontImp = new XMLWorkerFontProvider(XMLWorkerFontProvider.DONTLOOKFORFONTS); fontImp.register(FONT); XMLWorkerHelper.getInstance().parseXHtml(writer, document, new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes()), null, Charset.forName("UTF-8"), fontImp); document.close(); } /** * 頁(yè)面渲染 */ private static String freeMarkerRender(Map<String, Object> data, String htmlTmp) throws Exception { Writer out = new StringWriter(); Template template = freemarkerCfg.getTemplate(htmlTmp,"UTF-8"); template.process(data, out); out.flush(); out.close(); return out.toString(); } /** * 方法入口 */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Map<String,Object> data = new HashMap<> (); data.put("name","smile"); data.put("author","知了") ; String content = PageConfig.freeMarkerRender(data,HTML); PageConfig.createPdf(content,DEST); } }
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